In the twilight zone: An epidemiological study of sleep-related hallucinations

Few studies have investigated hallucinations that occur at the onset/offset of sleep (called hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations; HHHs), despite fact their prevalence in general population is reported to be higher than daytime hallucinations. We utilized data from an epidemiological study explore HHHs various modalities. also phenomenological differences between sleep-related (HHHs) and auditory modality. hypothesized individuals with only would not differ controls on a range mental health wellbeing measures, but if they together will pose greater burden individual experiencing them. hypothesize are qualitatively different (i.e. less severe) This cross-sectional Norwegian population. The sample (n = 2533) was divided into control group without 2303), 62), 57), both as well 111). Prevalence rates were calculated groups compared using analyses variance chi-square tests where applicable. for domain found 6.8%, whereas 12.3% multimodal HHHs, 32.2% indicated out-of-body experiences sleep. Group comparisons modality showed experienced scored significantly (p < 0.05) lower those who variables including health, anxiety, childhood happiness, wellbeing. In addition, frequent hallucinations, disturbing more neutral (in terms content) influence over behavior, hallucination-related interference social life experience purely had age first onset combined (28.2 years>20.9 > 19.1). Sleep-related common population, being least common. They mostly combination However, some (2.4%) (auditory) this can seen closely related, health-related factors, non-hallucinating Finally, there clear need research field, ideas future presented.